Nepal lies in between 80 degree 4’ and 80 degree 12’ east longitude and 26 degree 22’ and 30 degree 4’north latitude. The total area of Nepal consists of 147181 sq. Km. It borders with Tibet Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China to the north and Indian States of Sikkim and West Bengal to the east, Bihar and U.P. to the south and U.P. to the West. It has a long rectangular shape with almost 885 Km. East-west length and its breadth varies from 145 to 241 Km. North-south. Within this narrow breadth it has got a dramatic diversification in topography as well as in climate. Its average altitude from the sea level varies from the south to above 8000 m. in the North.

According to the altitude this country can be divided into three regions:

1. Himalayan Region

This region lies between 4877 m., and 8848m. with snowline running around 4877m. It includes 8 of the existing 14 summits in the World which exceed an altitude of 8000m. They are (1) Mount Everest (Sagarmatha)-8848m; (2) Kanchenjunga – 8586 m. (3) Lhotse – 8516m (4) Makalu-8463m (5) Cho-Oyu – 8201m (6) Dhaulagiri – 8167m (7) Manaslu – 8163m and (8) Annapurna I – 8091m.

2. Mountain Region

This is the most populated and cultural part of the Nepalese topography. It covers about 64% of the total land area and inhabited by 55% of the total population, Its terraced land cultivation adds the charm of the beautiful landscape of the Himalayas. The altitude of Churia range varies from 610 m to 1524-m. and the Mahabharat Mountain region varies from 1350m and 850m. respectively.

3. Terai Region

This narrow stripe of low land Terai Region lies on the southern most part of the country, running from east to west with the varied breadth of 26 to 32 Km. And with average altitude of 300 m above sea level. This region lowers about 17% of the total land area comprising of dense forest and most fertile farming land.

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